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Home / Proceedings / Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence / AAAI-21 Special Programs and Special Track

Clinical Trial of an AI-Augmented Intervention for HIV Prevention in Youth Experiencing Homelessness

February 1, 2023

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Authors

Bryan Wilder

Harvard University


Laura Onasch-Vera

University of Southern California


Graham Diguiseppi

University of Southern California


Robin Petering

Lens Co


Chyna Hill

University of Southern California


Amulya Yadav

Pennsylvania State University


Eric Rice

University of Southern California


Milind Tambe

Harvard University


DOI:

10.1609/aaai.v35i17.17754


Abstract:

Youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) are subject to substantially greater risk of HIV infection, compounded both by their lack of access to stable housing and the disproportionate representation of youth of marginalized racial, ethnic, and gender identity groups among YEH. A key goal for health equity is to improve adoption of protective behaviors in this population. One promising strategy for intervention is to recruit peer leaders from the population of YEH to promote behaviors such as condom usage and regular HIV testing to their social contacts. This raises a computational question: which youth should be selected as peer leaders to maximize the overall impact of the intervention? We developed an artificial intelligence system to optimize such social network interventions in a community health setting. We conducted a clinical trial enrolling 713 YEH at drop-in centers in a large US city. The clinical trial compared interventions planned with the algorithm to those where the highest-degree nodes in the youths' social network were recruited as peer leaders (the standard method in public health) and to an observation-only control group. Results from the clinical trial show that youth in the AI group experience statistically significant reductions in key risk behaviors for HIV transmission, while those in the other groups do not. This provides, to our knowledge, the first empirical validation of the usage of AI methods to optimize social network interventions for health. We conclude by discussing lessons learned over the course of the project which may inform future attempts to use AI in community-level interventions.

Topics: AAAI

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HOW TO CITE:

Bryan Wilder||Laura Onasch-Vera||Graham Diguiseppi||Robin Petering||Chyna Hill||Amulya Yadav||Eric Rice||Milind Tambe Clinical Trial of an AI-Augmented Intervention for HIV Prevention in Youth Experiencing Homelessness Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2021) 14948-14956.

Bryan Wilder||Laura Onasch-Vera||Graham Diguiseppi||Robin Petering||Chyna Hill||Amulya Yadav||Eric Rice||Milind Tambe Clinical Trial of an AI-Augmented Intervention for HIV Prevention in Youth Experiencing Homelessness AAAI 2021, 14948-14956.

Bryan Wilder||Laura Onasch-Vera||Graham Diguiseppi||Robin Petering||Chyna Hill||Amulya Yadav||Eric Rice||Milind Tambe (2021). Clinical Trial of an AI-Augmented Intervention for HIV Prevention in Youth Experiencing Homelessness. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 14948-14956.

Bryan Wilder||Laura Onasch-Vera||Graham Diguiseppi||Robin Petering||Chyna Hill||Amulya Yadav||Eric Rice||Milind Tambe. Clinical Trial of an AI-Augmented Intervention for HIV Prevention in Youth Experiencing Homelessness. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 2021 p.14948-14956.

Bryan Wilder||Laura Onasch-Vera||Graham Diguiseppi||Robin Petering||Chyna Hill||Amulya Yadav||Eric Rice||Milind Tambe. 2021. Clinical Trial of an AI-Augmented Intervention for HIV Prevention in Youth Experiencing Homelessness. "Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence". 14948-14956.

Bryan Wilder||Laura Onasch-Vera||Graham Diguiseppi||Robin Petering||Chyna Hill||Amulya Yadav||Eric Rice||Milind Tambe. (2021) "Clinical Trial of an AI-Augmented Intervention for HIV Prevention in Youth Experiencing Homelessness", Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, p.14948-14956

Bryan Wilder||Laura Onasch-Vera||Graham Diguiseppi||Robin Petering||Chyna Hill||Amulya Yadav||Eric Rice||Milind Tambe, "Clinical Trial of an AI-Augmented Intervention for HIV Prevention in Youth Experiencing Homelessness", AAAI, p.14948-14956, 2021.

Bryan Wilder||Laura Onasch-Vera||Graham Diguiseppi||Robin Petering||Chyna Hill||Amulya Yadav||Eric Rice||Milind Tambe. "Clinical Trial of an AI-Augmented Intervention for HIV Prevention in Youth Experiencing Homelessness". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2021, p.14948-14956.

Bryan Wilder||Laura Onasch-Vera||Graham Diguiseppi||Robin Petering||Chyna Hill||Amulya Yadav||Eric Rice||Milind Tambe. "Clinical Trial of an AI-Augmented Intervention for HIV Prevention in Youth Experiencing Homelessness". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, (2021): 14948-14956.

Bryan Wilder||Laura Onasch-Vera||Graham Diguiseppi||Robin Petering||Chyna Hill||Amulya Yadav||Eric Rice||Milind Tambe. Clinical Trial of an AI-Augmented Intervention for HIV Prevention in Youth Experiencing Homelessness. AAAI[Internet]. 2021[cited 2023]; 14948-14956.


ISSN: 2374-3468


Published by AAAI Press, Palo Alto, California USA
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Artificial Intelligence 1900 Embarcadero Road, Suite
101, Palo Alto, California 94303 All Rights Reserved

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